Thursday, March 4, 2010

Unit Test, Early Film Stars & The Academy Awards

Today please take a minute or two to review your notes. I will answer any questions you may have, then we will take the exam.

After completing the exam, please do both of the following:

1. Please review the wallwisher entries. Look under COMMENTS, copy and paste the URL for various wallwisher projects. You should be familiar with every entry, so please take notes about who the actor/artist was and what is most important about them. You will be quizzed on these actors in the future.

2. Go to the website: Predict the Oscars (link here). Predict the Oscar winners. Information about the films is also included, so even if you don't know the film or haven't seen it, you can get some information about it.

The Academy Awards will be viewed Sunday, March 7th. Please watch.

Tuesday, March 2, 2010

Eisenstein & Battleship Potemkin (Montage)

Please read the handout about Eisenstein and the creation of the montage. Click here for a very famous scene from the movie: Battleship Potemkin called the Odessa Steps.

Monday, March 1, 2010

Review for Unit Exam in Film

Styles of film: realism, classicism, formalism
Early film invention: Magic Lantern Daguerreotype Celluloid Kinetoscope Mutoscope
Praxinoscope
Edweard Muybridge
The Lumiere Brothers
Pathe Frere Manufacturing Company
Thomas Edison and the Edison Manufacturing Company
The Black Maria
Hepworth Manufacturing Company
George Melies
Persistence of Vision
Etinnene-Jules Marey
George Eastman
Edwin S. Porter
Hepworth's films:Rescued by Rover ; How It Feels to be Run Over;
Explosion of a Motor Car
Actualities & Blue Movies
Aladin and the Wonderful Lamp
Edwin S. Porter's films: The Great Train Robbery ; Dream of a Rarebit Fiend
Melies' A Trip to the Moon
D.W. Griffith and his contribution to film (also his Intolerance, Way Down East, and Birth of a Nation)
Lillian Gish
Early film comedy and comedians
Charlie Chaplin (The Rink, various films)
Buster Keaton (The Paleface, The General, various films)
Other important film stars: Douglas Fairbanks sr., Rudolph Valentino, Mary Pickford, Janet Gaynor, Clara Bow, W.C. Fields, Greta Garbo, Conrad Viedt, etc.
Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle & his scandal (Hays Code chapter)
Hollywood (the origin and development of)
The Academy Awards
Eisenstein & Montage & Battleship Potemkin (Odessa Step sequence)
Types of Shots (close up, medium shot, full shot, deep focus shot, long shot, extreme close up and long shots, panning, dolly/tracking shot, etc.)
Types of Angles (high, low, bird's eye, oblique, etc.)
Early independent film studios/the Hollywood Studio System
Early major film studios (1920-1930)
Sid Grauman
MPPDA & AMPAS
Early sound in film & The Jazz Singer
The Hays Code
Film Reviews and how to write them
Coming up with Ideas for a Film (articles)

Sound in Film

Joseph P. Maxfield (AT&T’s Bell Laboratories) invented the first phonograph linked to film (licensed by Victor as the Orthophonic Victrola) which became the basis for the Vitaphone sound-on-disc system.

The Vitaphone allowed actors to lipsync their performance while the sound was recorded after; (This helped to popularize animation!)

The first sound film was Don Juan in 1926. The Jazz Singer (1927), directed by Alan Crosland, starring famous vaudeville actor, Al Jolson is popularly given this award. Really both films were songs or music in Don Juan's case, that were played along and synched with the film.
The Jazz Singer gave birth to the Hollywood musical genre.

Warner Bros. and Fox Film began wiring their theatres for sound as early as 1926. By 1928, Western Electric developed a sound-on-film system, which later developed a new competitive major studio: Radio-Keith-Orpheum or RKO.

The conversion to sound created both positive and negative effects for Film:

Positive:
A. Led to a revival of national film elsewhere in the world
B. Cinema owners did not have to hire musicians for an in-house orchestra
C. Silent films were easier to distribute across the world (no need to translate) which later creates the need for dubbing (1932 -- ex. Paramount studios); before this, multi-lingual films make stars like Marlene Dietrich, Maurice Chevalier, Bela Lugosi, Ingrid Bergman, Greta Garbo, and Peter Lore more important--since they can speak different languages (and therefore sync their voices to film).
D. Film became a single media event
E. Films came to the theatres as final products, whole and complete
F. The immersive qualities of film and the viewer become inseparable
G. Dialogue became a necessity to tell the plot of a film

Negative:

A. Produced panic and confusion in Hollywood
B. Many musicians lost their jobs
C. Early sound films from America were boycotted by certain countries; films were not as widely distributed, more costly to translate.
D. Silent film culture was destroyed
E. Films did not require additional music, some ambiance was lost -- sound film was seen as the killer of “film as the seventh art form”
F. Film was no longer a “theatrical” or “artistic” event
G. Dialogue became a necessity to tell the plot of a film

Sunday, February 21, 2010

Silent Film Stars - Wallwisher project

Please choose from the following list. Research and create a wallwisher page for your subject. This is due completed by 1st period Friday. You will have time to work on completing the assignment Wednesday. After creating your page, please copy the URL and POST a COMMENT under this post with the URL address so other students can access your work. Please remember to include your name under your post so that you get credit.

Please sign up for the following:

Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle
Josephine Baker
John Barrymore
Clara Bow
Louis Brooks
Lon Chaney
Gary Cooper
Marlene Dietrich
Douglas Fairbanks
Charles Farrell
Greta Garbo
Janet Gaynor
Jean Harlow
Harold Lloyd
Mae Marsh
Tom Mix
Mabel Normand
Mary Pickford
Paul Robeson
Gloria Swanson
Norma Talmidge
Rudolph Valentino
Conrad Veidt
Erich Von Stroheim

Buster Keaton

It is important to realize that actors back in the early days of film really did their own stunts. Comedy and slapstick particularly were rather dangerous. Here's a homage to Buster Keaton, one of the greatest early film comedians: A Montage of Buster Keaton

Joseph Frank Keaton was given his professional name by Harry Houdini. "Buster" Keaton (October 4, 1895 – February 1, 1966), was an American comic actor and filmmaker. He got his start as part of a vaudeville act and later co-starred with plump actor Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle in "The Butcher Boy". He is best known for his silent films, in which his trademark was farce or physical comedy with a stoic, deadpan expression, earning him the nickname "The Great Stone Face".

In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Keaton as one of the greatest male actor of all time. His film The General is listed as one of the greatest 100 films of all time.

For those of you most interested in Keaton's life and work, here's an excellent website.

Take a look at some of his work:

One Week (1920) - part 1
One Week (1920) - part 2 (parts 3-5 can be found on the side bar of youtube.com)
The Goat (1921) (part 1)
The Haunted House (1921) part 1

The General (1927) Full Length Feature Film
Steamboat Bill, Jr. (1928) Full Length Feature Film

Charlie Chaplin - The Lovable Tramp

"All I need to make a comedy is a park, a policeman, and a pretty girl." -Sir Charles Chaplin

Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (1889-1977)

• Born in London, UK to theatrical parents
• Chaplin’s childhood was one of extreme poverty and hardship
• Abandoned by an alcoholic father and left with a mentally unstable mother who was unable to support him, he struggled through life in the poor house and on the streets
• He learnt much of his timing and technique in the employment of impresario Fred Karno (1866-1941) whose troupe he left during an American tour in 1913
• Offered a contract by Keystone Films
• After 1914, he convinced Keystone producer Mack Sennett to allow him to direct his own films - often wrote, directed, acted and composed his own musical scores for his films
• In many silent shorts, he established the grammar and ground rules of screen comedy using his physical dexterity and pantomime skills to create expertly choreographed, visually humorous entertainment that mixed irreverence, romance, and pathos (feeling)
• Co-founder of United Artists in 1919
• Married Oona O’Neill (daughter of playwright Eugene O’Neill)
• His left-wing sympathies caused him to emigrate to Switzerland during the 1950’s, McCarthy period
• He published his autobiography in 1964 and was knighted in 1975
• Chaplin died on Christmas day, 1977
• A writer Performer, director, composer and icon, he was a vital figure in the development of the screen comedy Films (incomplete list): Making a Living (1913) Kid Auto Races at Venice (1914) The Champion (1915) The Tramp (1915) The Pawnshop (1916) The Rink (1916) A Dog’s Life (1918) The Kid (1921) The Gold Rush (1925) City Lights (1931) Modern Times (1936) The Great Dictator (1940) Limelight (1952) A King in New York (1957) A Countess from Hong Kong (1967)

Take a look at some of Chaplin's Films:

The Tramp (1915)
The Kid (1921) trailer
The Lion's Cage clip from the Circus (1928)
The Gold Rush (1925) sound and words added later
City Lights (1931)
Modern Times (1936)
The Great Dictator (1940)

The Murky Middle (Even More Advice)

Aristotle wrote that stories should have a beginning, middle, and end. Middles can be difficult. You might have a smashing opening to a stor...